Voles

Voles can cause damage to trees through girdling, usually in late fall and winter. Marks from girdling and gnawing alone can not identify vole damage, because other animals, such as rabbits, may cause similar damage. Gnaw marks of voles will be irregular in appearance and at different angles. Depending on the type of vole, voles will create either surface runway systems or borrows. Voles may travel in mole tunnels to access flower bulbs and other plant roots. Voles are also known to clip off young plants and dig up seeds.

Managing voles requires a mix of prevention, habitat modification, and control strategies to protect your garden and landscaping from these burrowing rodents. Voles, also known as meadow mice or field mice, can cause damage by feeding on plant roots, bulbs, and even the bark of young trees.

1. Prevention and Habitat Modification: Start by making your property less inviting to voles. Keep grass and vegetation well-mowed, especially in areas adjacent to gardens or around the base of trees. Voles prefer dense ground cover for shelter, so reducing or removing brush piles, tall grasses, and dense vegetation can make your yard less appealing to them. Installing barriers, such as hardware cloth or metal mesh, around the base of trees or garden beds can prevent voles from accessing the area. Bury the mesh at least 6-12 inches below ground level and extend it a few inches above the soil to deter burrowing.
2. Trapping: For controlling an existing vole population, trapping is a highly effective method. Use snap traps or live traps designed for small rodents, placing them in active burrow entrances or along well-traveled runways. Bait the traps with attractive food such as apple slices, peanut butter, or sunflower seeds. Check traps regularly and relocate or dispose of captured voles according to local wildlife regulations.
3. Repellents and Deterrents: While not always foolproof, repellents can help deter voles. Commercial repellents containing natural substances like castor oil or pepper can be applied around garden beds and plantings. Some gardeners also use homemade solutions, such as mixing hot pepper flakes or garlic with water and spraying it around vulnerable areas. These repellents may need to be reapplied periodically, especially after rain.

Population Control: In more severe infestations, consider using rodenticides as a last resort. These should be used cautiously, following the manufacturer's instructions, and placed in areas that are inaccessible to pets and children. Consulting a professional pest control service can provide additional options and ensure safe and effective management of voles.